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Resilience Displaced Community


Principal Investigators

Dr. Saut Sagala



Current Opportunities

Internship. We accept unsolicited internship application. For further information, contact:
Maria Putri, Email: maria.putri@rdi.or.id

Last updated 3 mins ago

This page is dedicated by RDI to record the knowledge management regarding disaster displacement issues in Indonesia. Indonesia's location at the confluence of 3 major tectonic plates and the Pacific ring of fire makes it particularly vulnerable to natural-induced disasters, such as erupting mountains, earthquakes, and tsunamis. Its geographical location on the equator has the potential for rain throughout the year, resulting in the vulnerability of floods and landslides. On the other hand, Indonesia as a developing country cannot be separated from the phenomenon of urbanization. Rapid urbanization can have both positive and negative impacts. There are about 110 million people or 42 percent of the population in 60 cities in Indonesia threatened and affected by natural-induced disaster (Gunawan et al, 2015). This number can continue to grow due to urban population growth, changes in land use from green to build up area, the impact of climate change, and the increasingly widespread land level decline.

In addition, Indonesia's geographical location on the equator has the potential for rain throughout the year, resulting in the vulnerability of floods and landslides. Based on the 2020 Indonesian Population Census, there are 56.7% of Indonesia's population living in urban areas (BPS, 2020). In 2020, natural-induced disasters in Indonesia resulted in 705,000 displacements with an average of 378,000 people at risk of displacement. The number of internally displaced people who had to relocate due to the disaster was 161,000 (Internal Displacement Monitoring Center, 2020). Historically, the number of internal displacement due to disasters from year to year looks fluctuating in more detail can be seen in the graph of the Tendency to Increase the Number of Displaced Population Due to Disasters in Indonesia in 2008 - 2020. The existence of natural-induced disaster has the potential to cause losses of life and property. Disasters often force internally displaced people to leave their hometowns temporarily or move to settle for the next. The severity of the impact of this disaster depends on the level of vulnerability of the community, both social and physical. Social vulnerability is influenced by income levels, transportation access, age, gender, social status, access to information, and other factors. Physical vulnerability is affected through the potential hazards of a site, local building construction, the age of the structure, and other similar factors. Therefore, it is important for the government to pay attention to the planning process, countermeasures, to improve the condition of the disaster.

The internally displaced persons due to disasters needs to be considered because this situation causes various problems that will roll like snowballs. Complex problems caused include rising land prices and rents in destinations, the potential for social segregation between immigrant communities and local communities, and changes in green land to be built. Things that need to be considered, especially by the government in tackling the displacement of internally displaced persons due to disasters, including social vulnerability, displacement, provision of Temporary Evacuation Sites (TES), determination of household decisions to return, as well as land development and post-disaster rebuilding. This need can be addressed by cooperation between institutions. It is hoped that these findings could bring light to how various public sectors are affected, the immediate needs of those who are currently displaced, how to mitigate and reduce the impact of disaster in the future, and what we need to be aware of in an emergency response setting. The findings will be published on our website as additional information for individuals and institutions that are involved in disaster displacement issues.

Relevant Past Publications:

  • Words into Action Guidelines - Disaster Displacement | United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) | Download
  • New Urban Agenda (UN Habitat) | United Nations Human Settlement Programme | Download
  • The Nansen Initiative (2012) | The Nansen Initiative | Download
  • GP20 Plan of Action FOR ADVANCING PREVENTION, PROTECTION AND SOLUTIONS FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE | UNHCR, UN OCHA, and the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons. | Download
  • Handbook for Housing and Property Restitution for Refugees and Displaced Persons Implementing the ‘Pinheiro Principles’ | Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) | Download
  • Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2017 [on the report of the Third Committee (A/72/439/Add.2)] | UN General Assembly | Download
  • Addressing Internal Displacement: A FRAMEWORK FOR NATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY(THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION-UNIVERSITY OF BERN Project on Internal Displacement) | THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION University of Bern | Download
  • IASC Framework for Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons | Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) | Download
  • IASC Operational Guidelines on Human Rights and Natural Disasters | Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) | Download
  • IASC Policy on Protection in Humanitarian Action | Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) | Download
  • Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • GUIDANCE PACKAGE FOR UNHCR’S ENGAGEMENT IN SITUATIONS OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • POLICY ON UNHCR’S ENGAGEMENT IN SITUATIONS OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT UNHCR/HCP/2019/1 | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • UNHCR’S INITIATIVE ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT 2020 – 2021 | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • Outcome of the World Humanitarian Summit | United Nations Secretary General | Download
  • Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (UN OCHA) | UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) | Download
  • RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY [A/RES/48/116 24 March 1994] | UN General Assembly | Download
  • UN General Assembly Resolution 46/182 (December 1991) | United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs | Download
  • The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015– 2030 | United Nations | Download
  • The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005–2015 | United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction | Download
  • The ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) 2010 - 2015 | The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) | Download
  • Paris Agreement 2016 | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) | Download
  • Environmental Displacement and Mental Well-Being in Banjarnegara, Indonesia | Kate Burrows, Dicky C. Pelupessy, Kaveh Khoshnood, and Michelle L. Bell | Download
  • A conceptual framework for measuring livelihood resilience: Relocation experience from Aceh, Indonesia | Dantje Sina; Alice YanChang-Richards; Suzanne Wilkinson; ReganPotangaro | Download
  • Mental wellbeing following landslides and residential displacement in Indonesia | Kate Burrows; Miraj U.Desai ;Dicky C.Pelupessy; Michelle L.Bella | Download
  • Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large-Scale Survey Methods: Sumatra After the 2004 Tsunami | Gray, Clark; Frankenberg, Elizabeth; Gillespie, Thomas; Sumantri, Cecep; Thomas, Duncan | Download
  • Internal Displaced Person Research Progress in Indonesia: a review | Sagala, S., Sitinjak, E., Wulandari, Y., & Situngkir, F. | Download
  • Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship Between Livelihood Disruptions and Displacement Intentions Following a Volcanic Eruption | Yasuhito Jibiki, Dicky Pelupessy, and Kanako Iuchi | Download
  • Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large-Scale Survey Methods | Clark Gray, Elizabeth Frankenberg, Thomas Gillespie, Cecep Sumantri & Duncan Thomas | Download
  • Analisis Strategi Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum Berbasis Masyarakat Untuk Daerah Relokasi Pasca Banjir Bandang Sungai Cimanuk Kabupaten Garut | Berlyan Besoni, Rofiq Iqbal/FTSL, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) | Download
  • Disasters and Displacement: Gaps in Protection | Roberta Cohen, Megan Bradley Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies, 2020 | Download
  • The Location of IDPs, schools, and health facilities in Garut sub districts | RDI | Download
  • Disaster Risk Across Garut Urban Area and the Location of IDPs | RDI | Download
  • Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Garut Nomor 3 Tahun 2015 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penanggulangan Bencana | Bupati Garut | Download
  • Peraturan Menteri Sosial Nomor 26 Tahun 2015 tentang Pedoman Koordinasi Klaster Pengungsian dan Perlindungan Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana | Kementerian Sosial RI | Download
  • Peraturan BNPB Nomor 3 Tahun 2018 tentang Penanganan Pengungsi pada Keadaan Darurat Bencana. | Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) | Download
  • Peraturan Bupati Garut Nomor 31 Tahun 2016 tentang Pedoman Pelaksanaan Relokasi Permukiman Bagi Korban Bencana Banjir Bandang | Bupati Garut | Download
  • Making Displacement Safer: Resilience of Disaster Displaced Communities in Indonesian Cities (Resiliensi Masyarakat Pengungsi Bencana di Perkotaan Indonesia) | RDI | Download
  • Urbanisation, Displacement, and Urban Planning | Michele Vianello / Royal Town Planning Institute | Download
  • The Risk of Disaster-Induced Displacement in South-East Asia and China | Chriss Lavell and Justin Ginnetti / Norwegian Refugee Council & Internal Displacement Monitoring Cen | Download
  • UNHCR and Climate Change, Disasters, and Displacement | Guy S Goodwin-Gill and Jane McAdam/UNHCR | Download
  • IDMC GRID 2019 Part 3 Urban Internal Displacement Risk, Impact, and Solutions | Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre | Download
  • [Report] Publications:

  • IDMC GRID 2019 Part 3 Urban Internal Displacement Risk, Impact, and Solutions | Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre | Download
  • UNHCR and Climate Change, Disasters, and Displacement | Guy S Goodwin-Gill and Jane McAdam/UNHCR | Download
  • The Risk of Disaster-Induced Displacement in South-East Asia and China | Chriss Lavell and Justin Ginnetti / Norwegian Refugee Council & Internal Displacement Monitoring Cen | Download
  • Urbanisation, Displacement, and Urban Planning | Michele Vianello / Royal Town Planning Institute | Download
  • [News] Publications:

  • Making Displacement Safer: Resilience of Disaster Displaced Communities in Indonesian Cities (Resiliensi Masyarakat Pengungsi Bencana di Perkotaan Indonesia) | RDI | Download
  • [Government Policy] Publications:

  • Peraturan Bupati Garut Nomor 31 Tahun 2016 tentang Pedoman Pelaksanaan Relokasi Permukiman Bagi Korban Bencana Banjir Bandang | Bupati Garut | Download
  • Peraturan BNPB Nomor 3 Tahun 2018 tentang Penanganan Pengungsi pada Keadaan Darurat Bencana. | Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) | Download
  • Peraturan Menteri Sosial Nomor 26 Tahun 2015 tentang Pedoman Koordinasi Klaster Pengungsian dan Perlindungan Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana | Kementerian Sosial RI | Download
  • Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Garut Nomor 3 Tahun 2015 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penanggulangan Bencana | Bupati Garut | Download
  • [Maps] Publications:

  • Disaster Risk Across Garut Urban Area and the Location of IDPs | RDI | Download
  • The Location of IDPs, schools, and health facilities in Garut sub districts | RDI | Download
  • [Research] Publications:

  • Disasters and Displacement: Gaps in Protection | Roberta Cohen, Megan Bradley Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies, 2020 | Download
  • Analisis Strategi Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum Berbasis Masyarakat Untuk Daerah Relokasi Pasca Banjir Bandang Sungai Cimanuk Kabupaten Garut | Berlyan Besoni, Rofiq Iqbal/FTSL, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) | Download
  • Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large-Scale Survey Methods | Clark Gray, Elizabeth Frankenberg, Thomas Gillespie, Cecep Sumantri & Duncan Thomas | Download
  • Exploratory Analysis of the Relationship Between Livelihood Disruptions and Displacement Intentions Following a Volcanic Eruption | Yasuhito Jibiki, Dicky Pelupessy, and Kanako Iuchi | Download
  • Internal Displaced Person Research Progress in Indonesia: a review | Sagala, S., Sitinjak, E., Wulandari, Y., & Situngkir, F. | Download
  • Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large-Scale Survey Methods: Sumatra After the 2004 Tsunami | Gray, Clark; Frankenberg, Elizabeth; Gillespie, Thomas; Sumantri, Cecep; Thomas, Duncan | Download
  • Mental wellbeing following landslides and residential displacement in Indonesia | Kate Burrows; Miraj U.Desai ;Dicky C.Pelupessy; Michelle L.Bella | Download
  • A conceptual framework for measuring livelihood resilience: Relocation experience from Aceh, Indonesia | Dantje Sina; Alice YanChang-Richards; Suzanne Wilkinson; ReganPotangaro | Download
  • Environmental Displacement and Mental Well-Being in Banjarnegara, Indonesia | Kate Burrows, Dicky C. Pelupessy, Kaveh Khoshnood, and Michelle L. Bell | Download
  • [Agreement and Action] Publications:

  • Paris Agreement 2016 | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’s (UNFCCC) | Download
  • The ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) 2010 - 2015 | The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) | Download
  • The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005–2015 | United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction | Download
  • The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015– 2030 | United Nations | Download
  • UN General Assembly Resolution 46/182 (December 1991) | United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs | Download
  • RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY [A/RES/48/116 24 March 1994] | UN General Assembly | Download
  • Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement (UN OCHA) | UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) | Download
  • Outcome of the World Humanitarian Summit | United Nations Secretary General | Download
  • UNHCR’S INITIATIVE ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT 2020 – 2021 | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • POLICY ON UNHCR’S ENGAGEMENT IN SITUATIONS OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT UNHCR/HCP/2019/1 | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • GUIDANCE PACKAGE FOR UNHCR’S ENGAGEMENT IN SITUATIONS OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • Handbook for the Protection of Internally Displaced Persons | United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | Download
  • IASC Policy on Protection in Humanitarian Action | Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) | Download
  • IASC Operational Guidelines on Human Rights and Natural Disasters | Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) | Download
  • IASC Framework for Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons | Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) | Download
  • Addressing Internal Displacement: A FRAMEWORK FOR NATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY(THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION-UNIVERSITY OF BERN Project on Internal Displacement) | THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION University of Bern | Download
  • Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2017 [on the report of the Third Committee (A/72/439/Add.2)] | UN General Assembly | Download
  • Handbook for Housing and Property Restitution for Refugees and Displaced Persons Implementing the ‘Pinheiro Principles’ | Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) | Download
  • GP20 Plan of Action FOR ADVANCING PREVENTION, PROTECTION AND SOLUTIONS FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE | UNHCR, UN OCHA, and the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons. | Download
  • The Nansen Initiative (2012) | The Nansen Initiative | Download
  • New Urban Agenda (UN Habitat) | United Nations Human Settlement Programme | Download
  • Words into Action Guidelines - Disaster Displacement | United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) | Download
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